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March 2026

A Comprehensive Analysis Of India’s New Labour Codes And Their Impact On Financial Statements

By Himesh D. Gajjar, Chartered Accountant
Reading Time 18 mins

India's new Labour Codes, effective November 2025, introduce a standardized "Wages" definition that fundamentally alters corporate liabilities. If excluded allowances exceed 50% of an employee's Cost to Company, the excess is legally deemed "Wages," drastically increasing the calculation base for statutory benefits like gratuity and provident fund. Furthermore, fixed-term employees now qualify for pro-rata gratuity after just one year. Under Ind AS 19, these structural changes constitute a "Plan Amendment". Consequently, companies must immediately recognize the heightened obligations as a Past Service Cost in their Profit & Loss statements, directly reducing net profit, earnings per share, and net worth.

The enactment of the 4 new Labour Codes, the Code on Wages, 2019, the Code on Social Security, 2020, the Industrial Relations Code, 2020, and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions (OSH) Code, 2020 represents the most significant structural reform in India’s employment history. These codes came into effect from November 21, 2025, which will consolidate and simplify 29 central labour laws into a unified framework. However, for the financial community specifically Chief Financial Officers (CFOs), auditors, actuaries, and institutional investors, the implications extend far beyond mere regulatory compliance. These reforms

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